CONFIDENCE & SELF-WORTH

Self-esteem is how we think about and value ourselves. It tends to be learned through experience, which means it can also change.

Low confidence often shows up as harsh internal commentary, discounting achievements and expecting the worst of oneself.

Comparison — particularly online, where people share edited highlights — can make ordinary progress feel like failure.

Persistent low self-worth can overlap with anxiety and depression, which are treatable and worth discussing with a professional.

These are experiences some people may recognise. They can have many causes and are not a diagnosis.

• Avoiding opportunities because of an expectation of failure or judgement.
• Struggling to accept praise, or attributing success to luck or other people.
• Apologising frequently, or finding it difficult to state a need or opinion.
• Persistent low mood, hopelessness or withdrawal, which deserve professional attention.

• Notice the specific thoughts rather than the general feeling; written down, they are easier to test against evidence.
• Take small actions that contradict the belief, rather than waiting to feel confident first.
• Self-help resources based on cognitive behavioural approaches are freely available through the NHS and Mind.
• If low self-worth is persistent or affecting daily life, NHS Talking Therapies can be accessed directly in England.

• Give specific, factual feedback rather than general reassurance.
• Avoid arguing someone out of how they feel; ask questions instead.
• Encourage small steps and acknowledge them when they happen.
• Suggest professional support if low mood persists.

• NHS — Raising low self-esteem
• Mind — Self-esteem
• NHS Talking Therapies (England)
• NHS — Find a GP

• NHS — Self-help tips and support
• Mind — Self-esteem
• NICE NG222 — Depression in adults